In 2026, artificial intelligence (AI) remains central to global development discussions, especially as the world approaches the 2030 deadline for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). With only a few years remaining, a critical question emerges: will AI accelerate progress toward these goals or deepen existing inequalities? As the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) engages with governments and partners worldwide, understanding AI’s impact on development outcomes has become essential for shaping effective strategies and policies.
There is strong optimism surrounding AI’s potential. Digital entrepreneurs see opportunities for innovation, new business models, and economic growth. Evidence suggests AI is already contributing to improvements in education outcomes and healthcare delivery, while economists highlight its potential to boost productivity. In the Pacific region, including Samoa, development partners believe that AI and the broader digital economy can help overcome structural challenges such as geographic remoteness, climate vulnerability, and high mobility, while also supporting the preservation of cultural heritage.
At the same time, caution is necessary. UNDP’s report, The Next Great Divergence: Why AI May Widen Inequality Between Countries, warns that without appropriate policies and human-centred approaches, AI could expand the gap between nations. Countries with strong digital infrastructure, skilled workforces, and effective governance systems are better positioned to benefit, while others risk falling further behind. The Human Development Report 2025 echoes this concern, emphasizing that the future impact of AI depends on deliberate choices that prioritize human capability and agency. The direction AI takes is not predetermined; it depends on the decisions societies make today.
For Samoa to harness AI effectively for the wellbeing of its people, continued investment in digital foundations is crucial. Strengthening connectivity, developing enabling policies, building digital skills, and fostering public trust are key steps. The concept of digital public infrastructure (DPI) is particularly relevant, referring to interoperable digital systems built on open standards with strong privacy protections and user consent. Samoa’s National Digital ID System is an important step in building this foundation, enhancing digital readiness across sectors. The draft Pathway for the Development of Samoa 2025/26–2030/31 places digital transformation as both a cross-cutting priority and a dedicated focus area, while the Draft National ICT Policy 2025–2030 signals strong government commitment to establishing the groundwork necessary for inclusive digital growth.
Another critical dimension is digital sovereignty, which refers to a country’s ability to govern and control its own data and digital systems. In Samoa, discussions around AI trust and safety have highlighted concerns about maintaining ownership and oversight of digital technologies. Ensuring that Samoa retains control over its digital future requires ongoing dialogue, collaboration, and capacity-building.
Digital sovereignty also involves proactively shaping digital transformation to reflect national identity and values. The Draft National ICT Policy underscores the importance of Fa’aSamoa, ensuring that technological advancement aligns with cultural traditions and community aspirations. By integrating cultural principles into digital development, Samoa can ensure that AI adoption strengthens rather than undermines its social fabric.
Ultimately, AI has the potential to be a powerful multiplier for Samoa’s development if guided by intentional policymaking and inclusive strategies. By investing in digital public infrastructure, prioritizing human capability, and aligning innovation with cultural values, Samoa can enhance resilience, promote inclusive economic growth, and improve the wellbeing of its people in the evolving age of AI.
